Typhoon Haiyan

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Typhoon Haiyan - Other languages

Typhoon Haiyan (Wikipedia), also known as Typhoon Yolanda, is a tropical cyclone that devastated the Philippines. It first made landfall at Guiuan, Eastern Samar on the morning of November 8, 2013, and then proceeded to Tacloban City (map), where a storm surge laid waste to much of the area. The typhoon then caused destruction in northern Cebu, Panay island, and northern Palawan before exiting the country towards Vietnam.

Jan 1st 2014, 1,670 voluntary contributors of the OpenStreetMap project from 82 countries have contributed to map for the typhoon Yolanda / Haiyan humanitarian response. They did this mainly from their home with their personal computer communicating and coordinating on the internet. The Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team (HOT) acts as a bridge between the OpenStreetMap Community and traditional Humanitarian Responders.

OpenStreetMap offers an online map which is updated by the minute. Meanwhile various tools and services allow data extracts for GIS specialists, Routable Garmin GPS data, OSMAND, and other device-compatible downloads. With an internet connection regular syncing is possible with open access to the community contributed data as it comes in, but OpenStreetMap's bulk data downloads are ideal for use offline. Of course the maps are also printed to paper. Aid agencies such as the Red cross delivered poster-size maps to field teams.

IOM staff showing the large OpenStreetMap posters in the DSWD Operations Center in Tacloban Airport. Download this map from MapOSMatic


Information about this Humanitarian Activation

Satellite image of Typhoon Haiyan over Panay island

HOT Updates

History of this intervention

  • Thursday 2013-11-07: The day before the Typhoon struck Tacloban city, OpenStreetMap contributors started to map the city.
  • Sunday 2013-11-10: We declared an official Humanitarian Activation, which indicates that this is the highest priority for our organization and asked others to help us.
    • We setup coordination with various actors including OCHA, the American Red Cross and the US State Dept Humanitarian Information Unit (HIU).
    • The International Charter 'Space & Major Disasters' also activated, the various imagery providers realigning satellites to obtain post-disaster imagery.
    • Our imagery specialists started to look for Imagery, adapt it and host it on servers for access by the mappers.
    • We planned a revised humanitarian mapping workflow with a tagging scheme for damaged buildings and infrastructures and adaptation of the various tools to deliver appropriate maps.
  • Monday 2013-11-11: The European Commission released the first post-disaster imageries of Tacloban.
  • Wednesday 2013-11-13: HIU delivers Post-disaster imagery from Digital Globe and the first Post-disaster Task Manager job is available for mappers to look at damaged buildings of Tacloban.


Reactivity of the OSM Community

  • Friday 2013-11-15: More then 900 OpenStreetMap mappers have contributed to this project. In a week, they have modified more than 2,000,000 objects on the map.
  • Saturday 2013-11-16: At the request of the US government, for humanitarian reasons, DigitalGlobe renders public for 30 days the pre and post-disaster imageries related to the Hayian typhoon.
  • 2013-11-19: Over 1,200 OpenStreetMap mappers have modified more than 3,000,000 objects for the project.
  • 2013-11-24: Over 1,500 OpenStreetMap mappers have modified more than 3.8 million objects for the project.
  • 2013-12-11: Over 1,600 OpenStreetMap mappers have modified more than 4.5 million objects for the project.


Tools adaptation and services

The various OSM developers communicate over internet through various communication channels. In 2013 they implemented the new Humanitarian Map Style, a map more adapted to humanitarian actions. This map, hosted by OpenStreetMap-fr, is integrated in various online map tools. For this activation, we decided to show the damaged buildings on this map and to better integrate the various paper maps in the humanitarian workflow. The developers responded quickly and we were able to deliver these maps 10 days after the typhoon.

The Tasking Manager and the JOSM editor are essential parts of this Activation. As new imagery are available, new jobs are added to the Tasking Manager. It has allowed HOT to coordinate efforts of mappers around the world. Some days there were more then 200 simultaneous mappers registered on the Task Manager and editing mainly with the JOSM editor. ID editor is also used for less intensive mapping. LearnOSM.org offers learning material for beginners and more advanced mappers.

Wired Magazine presents the Red Cross Haiyan Dashboard based on the HOT Humanitarian Map Style.
  • Monday 2013-11-11 :
  • Wednesday 2013-11-13:
    • Navigation Offline Data for Android smartphones: Experimental hourly updated Philippines map for OsmAnd available here: http://osmd.ch/haiyan/ (install by copying to OsmAnd directory on your Android device). With limited communications in the disaster region, it is recommended to download offline data before travelling to this region.
    • Paper Maps: Various field teams that start to deploy are requesting Paper maps. We recommend to people that travel to the disaster zone to print and bring paper maps with them and to download Geofabrik extracts of Routable GPS Garmin files and OSMAND offline data.
Typhoon Haiyan Poster Maps. Large OSM-based Poster Maps of Tacloban, Guiuan and Ormoc printed and delivered by International Organization on Migration to the DSWD Operations Center in Tacloban Airport.
  • Friday 2013-11-15: uMap Personal Online Map Service adds an option for Map overlays with Dynamic requests to external services like Xapi or Overpass. This lets extract various data from OSM (See example).
  • Saturday 2013-11-16: Humanitarian Map Style is adapted for humanitarian actions. Revision is made for Damaged buildings (orange) and Collapsed buildings (red). This Humanitarian layer is integrated in various online maps. Red Cross and others are accessing the Humanitarian Map tile service hosted on OpenStreetMap-fr servers. See Harry Wood Sample Map describing how to add to an OpenLayers Online map.
  • Monday 2013-11-18: 10 days after the typhoon, Humanitarian Map Style is available with tools such as
    • FieldPapers Paper Maps with grid for field survey,
    • MapOSMatic Large Paper Maps with grid, street index and POI and
    • Osmose Validation / Correction tool.

With the Humanitarian style integrated, these three tools show the buildings damaged or destroyed. Better field survey and quality control is possible. We have produced in coordination with the Red Cross detailed maps that help identify infrastructure at risk and severely affected areas. Navigation Products extracted from the OSM database are also facilitating field teams road navigation in the region. Updates to the OSM database are immediately reflected on the maps and in the various Data extracts available.

Coordination

Andrew Buck, assisted by Maning Sambale and Pierre Béland, are coordinating this activation. We coordinate with the Red Cross and the Digital Humanitarian Network. Regions requiring mapping are coordinated through the use of the HOT Tasking Manager.

Support Team

Contributors from 82 countries collaborate to this Activation through internet. In such a context, various communication medias are used to coordinate. The support team communicates via the irc://irc.oftc.net #hot IRC channel. You can join the Support Team and the Coordinators on the IRC for discussions or help for mapping. You can also talk with other mappers or the support team by installing mumble and connecting to our server talk.hotosm.org

Public e-mail communication among HOT Team members can be found at Humanitarian OSM Team (HOT) Mailling-List. The first posting was "Preparations for Typhoon Haiyan" which appeared the day before landfall. Thereafter, the majority of posts to the e-mail list in November 2013 related in some way to the typhoon response.

Effort made

With the dispersion of the population in numerous islands and with the extent of the damages, Up-to-Date maps is an essential aspect of the management of this crisis. Tremendous efforts have been made by the OpenStreetMap community. The developers are adapting tools to provide up-to-date maps rapidly to humanitarian field workers. Hundred of contributors are also tracing over Satellite imagery to update continuously the maps.

Free Maps - Web, Paper, GPS, Smartphone, Data, Shape files for GIS analysis

Map showing the editing activity of OSM contributors in the affected areas
A line graph showing the extreme spike in the growth of OSM data for the Philippines as a result of mapping for Typhoon Haiyan

General Info

OpenStreetMap (OSM) provides good mapping data for this country (free!)

Browse the map to get a feel for the data we have available. Different map styles can be selected on the right side.

See Downloading data for instructions on getting large scale map data. See Shapefiles if you need this format.

On-site maps

  • Raw OSM extracts for GIS Analysis GPS Garmin Data: Hourly updates from Dedicated Geofabrik site for Typhoon Yolanda / Haiyan.
  • Garmin Routable GPS Map: Daily update from OSM by Schadow1 Expeditions for the whole Philippines. Compiled from OSM data until relief operations is concluded.
  • Navigation Offline Data for Android smartphones: Experimental hourly updated Philippines map for OsmAnd available here: http://osmd.ch/haiyan/ (install by copying to OsmAnd directory on your Android device). With limited communications in the disaster region, it is recommended to download offline data before travelling to this region.
  • Paper Maps: Various field teams that start to deploy are requesting Paper maps. We recommend to people that travel to the disaster zone to print and bring paper maps with them and to download Geofabrik extracts of Routable GPS Garmin files and OSMAND offline data.
  • uMap Personal Online Map Service adds an option for Map overlays with Dynamic requests to external services like Xapi or Overpass. This lets extract various data from OSM (See example).
  • Humanitarian Map Style adapted for humanitarian actions. It highlights Damaged buildings (orange) and Collapsed buildings (red). This Humanitarian layer is integrated in various online maps. Red Cross and others are accessing the Humanitarian Map tile service hosted on OpenStreetMap-fr servers. See Harry Wood Sample Map describing how to add to an OpenLayers Online map.
  • FieldPapers Paper Maps with grid for field survey,
  • MapOSMatic Large Paper Maps with grid, street index and POI and
  • Osmose Validation / Correction tool.
  • A Tile Server with layers for critical infrastructure elements at risk and the residential population distribution in the Philipines in 90m resolution. Further details here


Usage of OSM data for Humanitarian Missions

Using JOSM, Garmin Basecamp and OSM-PH Garmin map based on OSM Data for Humanitarian mission planning Schadow1 Expeditions Guide

How you can contribute to this activation

Response maps

A Map which shows the damaged buildings in Tacloban.

A CrisisMap which shows "Elements at risk" based on OSM as well as damaged buildings and blocked roads for the Phillipines. Further layers include population density and instagram images. http://crisismap.geog.uni-heidelberg.de/.

Mapping response

See this Monitor Map of the various Task Manager Jobs for this Activation

The first week of this Activation, intense work was done by OSM contributors to update the base map for the affected zones using pre-Disaster Imagery (mostly Bing Imagery). From, Nov 14 2013, Post-Disaster imagery from various providers started to be available. As these imagery arrive, new tasks will be added. Your help is welcomed for remote mapping and is essential for a rapid response and the success of this operation.

Tacloban City, Leyte (population: ~220,000) has been hit hard. Important Relief efforts will be localised there. New reports indicate international and local aid workers are beginning to arrive. We have already pretty much mapped every building in the city based on pre-typhoon Bing imagery (second-pass validation is always welcome mind you). Other mapping areas are laid out in various task manager jobs :

HOT Task No. 338 map
  Job No.      Location What to map Imagery expiration Task Mapping Status Task Validation Status
Job 338 Tacloban City and surrounding areas detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete Discontinued
Job 339 Samar and Leyte villages and major roads N/A Complete In Progress
Job 340 Priority areas in Cebu, Leyte, and Samar detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete In Progress
Job 342 Bantayan Island detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete In Progress
Job 343 Camotes Islands detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete Complete
Job 344 Roxas City and surrounding areas detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete In Progress
Job 345 northern Negros detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete In Progress
Job 346 northern Panay detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete In Progress
Job 347 northern Cebu detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete Complete
Job 348 Coron, Palawan detailed buildings and roads N/A Complete In Progress
Job 349 Masbate Island Roads Major roads and smaller interconnecting roads N/A Complete In Progress
Job 351 Ormoc City buildings, infrastructure, areas, natural features and other important visible features N/A Complete In Progress
Job 350 Tacloban Post-Disaster Building and infrastructure damages N/A Complete In Progress
Job 375 Carles Municipality Pre-Disaster Tracing The REACH Initiative will be sending trained enumerators to conduct detailed shelter surveys in a sample of municipalities affected by Typhoon Haiyan. One of these municipalities is Carles. N/A Complete Complete
Job 356 Roxas City Post-Disaster Building and infrastructure damages, updates for previously not covered areas TBD Complete Discontinued
Job 360 Northern Cebu - Post Disaster "base mapping" buildings (ok/collapsed/damage),streets TBD In Progress In Progress
Job 361 Inland Negros island detailed buildings and roads TBD In Progress In Progress
Job 1001 DigitalGlobe post typhoon imagery detailed buildings and roads TBD In Progress In Progress
Job 1002 Landsat Roads, Rivers, and Villages New Landsat8 imagery can be used for tracing roads and residential areas TBD In Progress In Progress
Job 1003 Basemapping from DigitalGlobe Crisis Imagery Extend remote mapping to other parts of the country which has DigitalGlobe imagery. TBD In Progress In Progress
Job 364 Panay Island Eastern Side Initial Mapping Improve data in Eastern Panay. TBD In Progress In Progress
Job 366 Northern Leyte - Post Disaster We are missing pre disaster bing imagery in this area, but there is ok (very cloudy) post disaster imagery for this area. TBD In Progress In Progress
Job 392 Carles Municipality Post-Disaster Assessment Assess the state of damages in this area to better target disaster assistance TBD In Progress In Progress

Beyond these, we need experienced mappers to make assessments of missing data on a wider scale. Improvements to coastline, and fix up of place names is needed.

WikiProject Philippines pages probably could use some updating. These notes on Bing alignment may be of interest.

Damaged buildings assessment

See the Damaged buildings crisis mapping for more details

Here is a guide on useful tools and shortcuts for tracing buildings in josm. It is highly recommended you take the time to learn to do this well as it will make it much easier for you to contribute to the map. Google doc

Todo: Just a summary of tagging and visualisation tricks should go here

Available Imagery

How to add to JOSM

It's easy to add special imagery to JOSM from the task manager jobs, where an imagery URL is provided within the task manager. Clicking the URL should trigger JOSM remote control to add the new imagery as a layer. For more details see OSM Tasking Manager/Setting up JOSM

Bing

Bing is the basic Imagery available for OSM. It provides high-res Imagery for most of the affected areas. However, other high-res imageries are sometime used for areas where more recent imagery is provided.

DigitalGlobe

In support of Operation Damayan, the US Government has requested that DigitalGlobe imagery be temporarily released and licensed to the public for humanitarian purposes.

This imagery is available under the NextView licence for 30 days, starting on Nov. 16, 2013. (It appears that this period of time could be renewed, depending on operational need, according to this tweet).

To use it for mapping, go to http://tasks2.hotosm.org/job/1003 , Workflow tab, read and agree to the NextView licence, and click on the given wms: URL in the Workflow tab.

(You may also have to copy/paste the wms URL manually into JOSM preferences)

Humanitarian Information Unit set up a service for North Cebu post-disaster image as TMS: http://hiu-maps.net/hot/1.0.0/cebu-post-flipped/{zoom}/{x}/{y}.png

TMS and WMS services for priority areas are also hosted on OSM France servers, under NextView license (unlimited in time), as described in these posts: https://lists.openstreetmap.org/pipermail/talk-ph/2013-December/004884.html

https://lists.openstreetmap.org/pipermail/talk-ph/2013-December/004896.html

CNES - Astrium

For the first time in the history of the International Charter Space and Major Disasters, CNES and Astrium, producer and distributor, released the Pleiades images acquired within the Charter under a free license.

The raw imagery files are available online on a public ftp server, for whichever innovative use you may see fit to support disaster and recovery efforts: ftp://ftp.astrium-geo.com/Philippines/

You can for example print them on paper for wall posters, or for quick paper maps to walk around damaged areas with a view from the sky, to go navigate in the field on a road network riddled with fallen trees, etc, etc, etc...

Tacloban Pleiades-1 image was used for example to produce post-disaster high resolution imagery atlases of Tacloban City, Palo and Santa Fe municipalities, with a pdf map for each barangay or village, on request from responders in Tacloban who wanted to plan the relief work of NGOs: http://wms.openstreetmap.fr/philippines-yolandaph-pleiades/


Esri hosts web services: http://disasterresponse.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=3f6a9b3cf73642c28071b67efec4cd04

that include the following TMS URL for Roxas image: http://tiles.arcgis.com/tiles/DO4gTjwJVIJ7O9Ca/arcgis/rest/services/Philippines_Pleiades1_11nov13/MapServer/tile/{zoom}/{y}/{x}

and, for Tacloban image: http://tiles{switch:1,2,3,4}.arcgis.com/tiles/DO4gTjwJVIJ7O9Ca/arcgis/rest/services/ph_v2/MapServer/tile/{zoom}/{y}/{x}

Landsat 8 and 7

Pre- and Post-Disaster Landsat (8 and 7) over the most affected area :

  • Pre-disaster Landsat-8 coverage over the Charter activation perimeter (13 images) :

JOSM TMS URL: tms[19]:http://imagery.openstreetmap.fr/tms/1.0.0/haiyan_ls8/{zoom}/{x}/{y}

source=Landsat-8, NASA, USGS, 2013

  • Post-disaster Landsat-8 images (5 images) :

JOSM TMS URL: tms[19]:http://imagery.openstreetmap.fr/tms/1.0.0/haiyan_ls8_post/{zoom}/{x}/{y}

source=Landsat-8, NASA, USGS, 20131112-14

  • Post-disaster Landsat-7 images (3 images) :

JOSM TMS URL: tms[19]:http://imagery.openstreetmap.fr/tms/1.0.0/haiyan_ls7_post/{zoom}/{x}/{y}

source=Landsat-7, NASA, USGS, 20131113

  • Post-disaster Landsat-8 images, taken on 2013-11-21 (2 images) :

JOSM TMS URL: tms[19]:http://imagery.openstreetmap.fr/tms/1.0.0/haiyan_ls8_20131121/{zoom}/{x}/{y}

source=Landsat-8, NASA, USGS, 20131121

  • Landsat Imagery (15 meter resolution, many clouds, contrast already enhanced for tracing) is provided for some areas. It can help to trace roads in areas with no high-res or covered by clouds. See description at https://gist.github.com/celoyd/7408773 (includes links to browse views to see footprint).

Leyte (PH LEY)

iD:

JOSM:

N Panay/S Masbate region, including Roxas, Cadiz, and Bogo Cities

iD:

JOSM:

Enhancing Bing Imagery

Since the Bing Imagery is partly low contrast you might wish to enhance it. An ancient JOSM binary exists with which you can do so, but a lot of plugins don't work with it anymore - buildings-tools amongst them. Go here for details: Enhance Imagery.

Potential Datasources

Kate Chapman is investigating the licensing of place codes and ways to link them to OSM data. Currently this investigation is going through OCHA (Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, part of the United Nations Secretariat).

Historical Maps

Maps provided by the University of Texas, rectified with NYPL's Mapwarper tool.

iD:

JOSM:

News about this Activation for Typhoon Haiyan

Mapathon events

Mapping in Burlington, VT, USA
CrisisCamp DC, USA
Paris, France
Kathmandu, Nepal

In some parts of the world people are organising mapathons events, where you can meet with mappers in person. This is an opportunity to meet-like minded pro-mappers, learn how to contribute to OpenStreetMap if you're new to it. Other events are more generic, on any technology for crisis response, by can (should!) have a bunch of people doing stuff for OpenStreetMap. Upcoming events are listed below. quietos_C%C3%B3rdoba Córdoba (Spain)] - Wednesday, 4 December

Please link to more details for these events

Past Events

Contributor Statistics for this Activation

Media coverage

English

French

Italian

Dutch

German

Videos

The following are videos about the Haiyan Activation:

Other Responses including Digital Humanitarian Network

Other Links

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