Proposal:Traction substations-subdivision

subdivision of substations for traction purpose
Proposal status:	Draft (under way)
Proposed by:	reDoubleYou
Tagging:	substation=traction Data item
Applies to:
Definition:	A traction substation is a substation whose main function is to supply a traction system (railways, trams and/or trolleybuses). There exist different types of traction substations that should be able to be mapped.
Statistics:
Rendered as:	not different to now, maybe in special maps as railwaymaps
Draft started:	2024-01-07

Proposal

This proposal aims to create tags to map the different types of traction substations. For now we only have power=substation + substation=traction to declare a substation to have something to do with power supply for traction. But there are different types of traction substations. These cannot currently be mapped.

Types of substations

For better understandig, I'd like to introduce the different types first:

• power transformer substation (mostly just called "substation", unfortunately there seems to be no specific name for that, that is used for this type; I used the book ("Contact Lines for Electric Railways, 2009, Kießling et al)): no frequency change, just voltage transfomation - the power is led by cables from the (traction) power transmission network to the substation already with the correct (means feeding-) frequency, just the voltage has to be transformed to the voltage that is going to be supplied to the overhead contact line, so core of the substation is a transformer and switches to supervise and protect the track and the feeding sections

• converter stations: frequency change and voltage transfomation - energy from the applied AC public (3 phase) grid is converted into (mostly 16,7 Hz) single phase energy for traction network that is going to be supplied to the traction power transmission grid (see chapter below) or to the overhead contact line
  • there are static converters that do this porcess with the aid of electronic power components
  • there are rotating converters that do this porcess with the aid of rotating machines

• rectifier substations: voltage is rectified and transformed - the power is led by cables from the public (3 phase) power transmission network to the substation, there it is transformed to the correct voltage and afterwards it is rectified, so we have DC that is going to be supplied to the overhead contact line; there are also switches to supervise and protect the track and the feeding sections

central and decentral traction power supply

There are two types of traction power supply. But this is an exclusively topic for some european countries (but that should be mappable in OSM as well). There is the central and the decentral traction power supply.

• decentral traction power supply: the energy comes from the public power network and is "processed" in the necessary way for the present electric railway power supply. So if a converter station feeds the 16,7Hz overhead coontact line directly, it is called decentral converter station becaus it has no connection to the central power transmission network and works "on its own".

• central traction power supply: Some european countries have a traction power supply based on 16,7 Hz energy. In Germany, Austria and Swiss exists one seperat power network for that 16,7 Hz energy (one network over all three countries). Everything that interacts with that is called to be central supplied. So if a converter station feeds the 16,7Hz power transmission network, it is called central converter station.

Tagging

Key	Value	Description
type	transformer	a power transformer substation
	converter	a converter station
	rectifier	a rectifier substation
	autotransformer	a autotransformer substation

Key	Value	Description
converter	static	a static converter substation
	motor_generator	a rotating converter substation

Key	Value	Description
supply	central	a substation that is fed by the central 16.7 Hz traction power transmission network
	decetral	a substation that is fed from the public power transmission network

Comments

Please comment on the discussion page.