Key:historic:civilization
 historic:civilization
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Describe roughly which civilization (or ancient culture) has built a feature or is somehow else connected to it. 
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| Group: historic |
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Status: approved
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This is a tag to describe roughly which civilization (British English: civilisation) or ancient culture has built a feature or is somehow else connected to it. The tag is mainly intended for historical features as a subtag to add further detail.
Extensions
For more detailed classification use historic:period=* to describe a narrower period, see values below for usage. This still leaves room for yet another subtag historic:era=* e.g. named after a regent, a family or similar, if needed. This allows to tag a suitable detail level, while the approximative tag historic:civilization=* can be easily applied without any special knowledge.
Tags
- historic:civilization=one of the values described below
- historic:period=one of the values described below
- historic:era=one of the values described below
Values
This is the current set of values. In some cases the dates might be disputed. Please be also aware that this is (/should be) based on scientific classification (i.e. an interpretation) and might be disputed or due to change along with scientific progress. If you are not sure how to exactly classify a feature, don't add the detailed tags but add only what you are sure about. Consider also to set (additionally) start_date=* if you have this information.
Feel free to amend the list and add other civilizations, periods and eras.
Prehistoric
- historic:civilization=prehistoric -
Prehistoric
If possible try to specify the period (or possibly the era for the longest period of stone age). But note that this classifications may only be appropriate for Europe and immediate borders of the Mediterranean Sea, and it may not be very accurate for Asia, America, and Eastern Africa (from where the whole humanity historically originated):
- historic:period=stone-age - Stone Age
- historic:era=paleolithic - Paleolithic
- historic:era=mesolithic - Mesolithic
- historic:era=neolithic - Neolithic - most megalithic contructions (at least in Europe) are in this period.
- historic:era=paleolithic -
- historic:period=bronze-age - Bronze Age
- historic:period=iron-age - Iron Age - same remark.
Note that some civilizations have lasted longer than Bronze Age, such as the Nuragic one (in Sardinia) and Ancient Chinese civilisations (see below). Generally the site should be classified under these civilisations if they were constructed after the arrival of scriptures. If there are only decorations with no obvious textual meaning, these sites remain prehistoric, and could remain in this classification (e.g. the Pre-Nuragic civilization, during Bronze Age could be specified by historic:era=pre-nuragic, under historic:period=bronze-age). Also some Ancient Chinese and Mesopotamian civilizations started to write their history in an era where Europe was still in the (neolithic) Stone Age, even if these old civilizations still did not have discovered iron (scriptures started to be written on stones, then bones and wood, without needing metal for tools, arms and early currencies and jewelry).
Asia
China
More detailed history can be seen at OHM/China
Ancient China
- historic:civilization=ancient_chinese - 2100 BC - 221 BC - Ancient Chinese
- historic:period=xia （夏）
- historic:period=shang （商）
- historic:period=zhou （周）
Imperial China
- historic:civilization=imperial_chinese - 221 BC - 1911 AD - Imperial Chinese
- historic:period=qin （秦）
- historic:period=han （汉）
- historic:period=sanguo （三国）
- historic:period=jin （晋）
- historic:period=sui （隋）
- historic:period=tang （唐）
- historic:period=song （宋）
- historic:period=yuan （元）
- historic:period=ming （明）
- historic:period=qing （清）
Japan
- historic:civilization=ainu
- historic:civilization=japanese
- historic:period=jomon (縄文時代)
- historic:period=yayoi (弥生時代)
- historic:period=heian (平安時代)
- historic:period=kamakura (鎌倉時代)
- historic:period=muromachi (室町時代)
- historic:period=azuchi-momoyama (安土桃山時代)
- historic:period=edo (江戸時代)
Persia
to be added. If you are familiar with this topic feel free to add a classification
Middle East
- historic:civilization=sabaean - Sabaeans
- historic:civilization=nabatean - Nabataeans
- historic:civilization=caliphate - Caliphate
- historic:period=rashidun - Rashidun_Caliphate
- historic:period=umayyad - Umayyad_Caliphate
- historic:period=abbasid - Abbasid_Caliphate
- historic:period=fatimid - Fatimid_Caliphate
- historic:period=ayyubid - Ayyubid_dynasty
- historic:period=ottoman - Ottoman_Caliphate
- historic:period=rashidun -
Oceania
Australia
- historic:civilization=aboriginal_australian
- historic:civilization=torres_strait_islander
Māori
- historic:civilization=maori - Māori culture
- historic:period=archaic - 1280 - 1450 - Māori Archaic period (moa hunters)
- historic:period=classic - 1450 - 1800 - Māori Classic period (pā builders)
- historic:period=modern - 1800 - present - Māori Modern period
- historic:period=archaic - 1280 - 1450 -
Mediterranean
Egypt
Ancient Egypt
- historic:civilization=ancient_egyptian - until 332 BC - Ancient Egyptian
- historic:period=predynastic_egypt - Predynastic Egypt
- historic:period=protodynastic_egypt - Protodynastic Egypt
- historic:period=early_dynastic_period - Early Dynastic Period
- historic:period=old_kingdom - Old Kingdom of Egypt
- historic:period=first_intermediate_period - First Intermediate Period of Egypt
- historic:period=middle_kingdom - Middle Kingdom of Egypt
- historic:period=second_intermediate_period - Second Intermediate Period of Egypt
- historic:period=new_kingdom - New Kingdom of Egypt
- historic:era=dynasty_XIX - for the 19th dynasty
- historic:era=dynasty_XIX -
- historic:period=third_intermediate_period - Third Intermediate Period of Egypt
- historic:period=first_persian_period - First Persian Period
- historic:period=late_period - Late Period
- historic:period=second_persian_period - Second Persian Period
- historic:period=predynastic_egypt -
Greek Egypt
- historic:civilization=greek_egyptian - 332 BC - 30 BC - Greek Egyptian
- historic:period=alexander_the_great - Alexander the Great
- historic:period=ptolemaic_egypt - Ptolemaic Egypt
- historic:period=alexander_the_great -
Roman and Byzantine Egypt
- historic:civilization=roman_and_byzantine_egyptian - Egypt (Roman province)
- historic:period=christian_egypt - Egypt (Roman province)#Christian Egypt (33 AD–4th century)
- historic:period=byzantine_egypt - Egypt (Roman province)#Later Roman Egypt (4th–6th centuries)
- historic:period=persian_occupation - Egypt (Roman province)#Sassanian Persian invasion (619 AD)
- historic:period=christian_egypt -
Islamic Egypt
- historic:civilization=islamic_egyptian - Islam in Egypt
- historic:period=medieval_egypt - Egypt in the Middle Ages
- historic:era=rashiduns - 641 – 661 - Rashidun Caliphate
- historic:era=umayyads - 661 – 750 - Umayyad Caliphate
- historic:era=abbasids - 750 – 935 - Abbasid Caliphate
- historic:era=tulunids - 868 – 905 - Tulunids
- historic:era=ikhshidids - 935 – 969 - Ikhshidid dynasty
- historic:era=fatimids - 969 – 1171 - Fatimid Caliphate
- historic:era=ayyubids - 1171 – 1250 - Ayyubid dynasty
- historic:era=mamluks - 1250 – 1517 - Mamluk Sultanate
- historic:era=rashiduns - 641 – 661 -
- historic:period=medieval_egypt -
Greece
Greek Bronze Age
- historic:civilization=helladic - Helladic period
- historic:civilization=cycladic - Cycladic culture
- historic:civilization=minoan - Minoan civilization
- historic:civilization=mycenaean - Mycenaean Greece
Ancient Greece
- historic:civilization=ancient_greece - Ancient Greece
- historic:period=greek_dark_ages - Greek Dark Ages
- historic:period=archaic_greece - Archaic Greece
- historic:period=classical_greece - Classical Greece
- historic:period=hellenistic_greece - Hellenistic Greece
- historic:period=roman_greece - Roman Greece
- historic:period=greek_dark_ages -
Nuragic civilization
- historic:civilization=nuragic - Nuragic civilization
Italy
- historic:civilization=villanovan - Villanovan culture
- historic:civilization=faliscan - the Falisci have been an Italic people living in what is now northern Lazio - Falisci
- historic:civilization=etruscan - Etruscan civilization
Rome
- historic:civilization=ancient_roman - 753 BC – 284 AD - Ancient Rome
- historic:period=roman_kingdom - 753 BC – 509 BC - Roman Kingdom
- historic:period=roman_republic - 508 BC – 27 BC - Roman Republic
- historic:period=principate - 27 BC – 284 AD - Principate
- historic:period=roman_kingdom - 753 BC – 509 BC -
- historic:civilization=western_roman - 285 AD – 476 AD - Western Roman Empire
- historic:period=dominate - 285 AD – 476 AD (western roman) - Dominate
- historic:period=dominate - 285 AD – 476 AD (western roman) -
- historic:civilization=byzantine - 285 AD – 1453 AD (administration split in 285 AD) - Byzantine Empire
Iberian peninsula
- historic:civilization=castro_culture - Castro culture
- historic:civilization=iberian
- also see Rome
- historic:civilization=visigothic_kingdom
- historic:civilization=islamic_iberia
- historic:civilization=medieval_christianity
Western Balkans (Dinaric Karst to Adriatic Basin)
- historic:civilization=illyrian - Illyrians
- historic:period=hellenistic_greece - Hellenistic Greece
- historic:period=roman_greece - Roman Greece
- historic:period=hellenistic_greece -
- historic:civilization=byzantine - Byzantine Empire, Albania, Dalmatia, Croatia, Ragusa, Zeta
- historic:civilization=medieval_christianity
- historic:period=middle_ages - Medieval Bosnia, Albania, Dalmatia, Croatia, Ragusa, Zeta, Venice
- historic:period=middle_ages -
- historic:civilization=ottoman - Ottoman_Empire, Ottoman Bosnia, Albania, Dalmatia, Croatia, Ragusa, Zeta
Europe (rest = predominantly not mediterranean)
- historic:civilization=allemanian
- historic:civilization=anglo-saxon (See also Historic Britain)
- historic:civilization=celtic
- historic:civilization=gaelic
- historic:civilization=germanic
- historic:civilization=thracian
- historic:civilization=vikingian
- historic:civilization=serbian - medieval Serbian
| historic:civilization=medieval | historic:civilization=medieval_christianity | historic:civilization=middle-ages |
|---|---|---|
America
Hopewellian
Ychsma
- historic:civilization=ychsma - Ychsma
Inca
- historic:civilization=inca - Inkan
Maya
- historic:civilization=mayan - Mayan
Tiahuanacota
- historic:civilization=tiahuanacota - Tiwanaku empire
- historic:period=villager - (epoch i & ii) 1580 BCE – 133 CE
- historic:period=urban - (epoch iii) 133 CE – 374 CE
- historic:period=classical - (epoch iv) 374 CE – 900 CE
- historic:period=imperial - (epoch v) 900 CE – 1200 CE
Ancestral Puebloans
- historic:civilization=ancestral_puebloan - Ancestral Puebloans
- historic:period=archaic_early_basketmaker - Archaic–Early Basketmaker Era - 7000 BCE - 1500 BCE
- historic:period=early_basketmaker_ii - Early Basketmaker II Era - 1500 BCE - 50 CE
- historic:period=late_basketmaker_ii - Late Basketmaker II Era - 50 - 500
- historic:period=basketmaker_iii - Basketmaker III Era - 500 - 750
- historic:period=pueblo_i - Pueblo I Period - 750 - 900
- historic:period=pueblo_ii - Pueblo II Period - 900 - 1150
- historic:period=pueblo_iii - Pueblo III Period - 1150 - 1300
- historic:period=pueblo_iv - Pueblo IV Period - 1350 - 1600
- historic:period=pueblo_v - Pueblo V Period - 1600 - present
- historic:period=archaic_early_basketmaker -
Other cultures
(feel free to move it up and make a dedicated subsection if you are familiar with a certain culture)
Examples
For example this could be attached to an roman excavation site:
- historic:civilization=ancient_roman
The proposal:
See also
- Proposed features/heritage - subtags contain references to various international or national public databases. These databases frequently reference the civilizations, eras or periods, when effective dates of constructions cannot be estimated with precision.
- Proposed features/epigraph
- historic=* (many values where tagging the civilization can make sense, for example:
- man_made=geoglyph