Power networks/Indonesia

This page aims to coordinate the efforts of mapping power infrastructure in Indonesia. It is intended to be a guide for mapping power lines from aerial or street-level imagery and on-the-ground survey.

A map of all existing power lines in Indonesia can be found at Open Infrastructure Map

Background

Indonesia's power grids, for geographic reasons, is divided into five large wide-area grids: Java–Bali, Sumatra, Kalimantan, North Sulawesi and South Sulawesi. The rest of the country is served by smaller grids operating at up to 150 kV. While the Indonesian power grids operate at a common frequency of 50 Hz, these grids are generally not connected to each other or are not synchronized in phase. An isolated part of the Kalimantan grid (around Pontianak) is connected to the Sarawak Energy grid in Malaysia through a 275 kV link.

Indonesia's power sector is generally a monopoly by Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN), a state-owned electricity company. While power generation has been opened to private sector participation, transmission and distribution remains a monopoly under PLN.

Tagging

Power lines

Power lines in Indonesia usually operate at these voltages. Lines usually have two circuits, with four used in more denser parts of the country (large cities, Java). Some lines are buried underground (e.g. in Greater Jakarta)

• 500 kV (Java, and Sumatra on Jambi-Pekanbaru line).
• 275 kV (bulk transmission in much of Sumatra and Sulawesi, as well as the connection with Sarawak)
• 150 kV (most of the country)
• 70 kV
• 20 kV
• 230/400 or 230/460 V

As a general guideline, all lines with voltage of 70 kV and above are tagged as power=line. Distribution lines will all be power=minor_line. Underground or submarine power cables are tagged power=cable regardless of voltage level.

Substations

Substations (Indonesian: gardu induk) are tagged as power=substation. substation=* depends on the primary voltage and output voltages. If it has maximum voltage of 500 or 275 kV, it's likely to be substation=transmission. Substation type for 150 kV substations depends if it also feeds a 70 kV system or just supplies 20 kV (most 150 kV substations feed the distribution systems).

Names of substations are fairly standard: most substations should have names beginning with Gardu Induk (also abbreviated to GI). 500 or 275 kV substations, however, usually begin with Gardu Induk Tegangan Extra Tinggi ("extra high voltage/EHV substation" in Indonesian, often shortened to GITET even on signs). The maximum voltage of the substation can often be placed on the name. Smaller substations downstepping 20 kV to 230/400 kV and housed in buildings (generally found in Jakarta and areas of other large cities where most power lines have been buried underground) are not named, but have reference codes only.

Operator

Most transmission and distribution facilities (power lines, towers, substations, poles) should be tagged with operator=Perusahaan Listrik Negara. Variations of the name abound in existing tagging (e.g. PLN, PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara, PT PLN (Persero)), but it is recommended to use Perusahaan Listrik Negara in the operator tag for standardization. A tagging preset for PLN is available in editors using the Name Suggestion Index (NSI).