Marine navigation

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Feature : Marine navigation

Description

Mapping for marine navigation

Tags

Marine navigation explains how to map the many natural and man-made features associated with the safe movement of ships and boats on the sea. See Marine for details about more general features of the marine environment and Coastline for details about how to tag features found along and close to the shore. Waterways provides information about navigation of inland waterways.

Coastline

See also: Coastline

The coastline is a rich and complex environment consisting of many natural and man-made features. Tags relevant to marine navigation include man_made=beacon, natural=coastline, man_made=lighthouse, natural=peak, amenity=place_of_worship, man_made=tower, man_made=gasometer, man_made=windmill and wind generators (power=generator + generator:source=*).

Harbours, marinas, and anchorages

See also: Harbour

Harbours, used by ferries and commercial shipping should be mapped using a node tagged with harbour=yes and the area of land used to support the harbour should be tagged as an area using landuse=industrial with industrial=port. Ports for ocean going vessels can also be represented with the proposed tag seaway=port. Marinas, used by pleasure boats and yachts should be tagged with leisure=marina. Naval bases should be tagged with military=naval_base. Piers against which boats can be moored should be tagged as (man_made=pier) together with mooring=yes/ferry/etc.

Use seamark:type=mooring for mooring buoys and an anchorage moorings can be marked with seamark=ACHBRT. depth=* can be used to indicate how deep the water is at a particular point.

Ferry and shipping routes

See also: Ferries

Ferry routes can be marked with route=ferry and shipping lanes with seamark:type=separation_boundary, seamark:type=separation_zone and seamark:type=separation_lane.

Aids to Navigation, including lighthouses, beacons, seamarks and buoys

man_made=lighthouse is clearly defined.

Seamark tagging

• General information
• Tags
• Schema
• Objects, usage
• Categories of objects, attributes
• INT-1 cross reference
• Inland notice marks (CEVNI, Europe)
• Inland lateral marks (CEVNI, Europe)
• Inland notice marks (BNIWR, Brazil)
• Inland notice marks (PPWBC, Brazil/Paraguay)
• Inland notice marks (RIWR, Russia)

In addition all aids to navigation are tagged use the seamark schema(en). See key wiki pages in the box on the right.

seamark:type=* is used for a wide variety of shipping markers, including:

• seamark:type=light_major for lights visible for many miles
• seamark:type=light_minor for smaller lights
• seamark:type=beacon_lateral for a beacon marking the port or starboard limits of a navigable channel.
• seamark:type=buoy_lateral for a buoy marking the port or starboard limits of a navigable channel.
• seamark:type=beacon_cardinal A beacon marking a hazard, indicating the compass quadrant for safe passage
• seamark:type=buoy_cardinal A buoy marking a hazard, indicating the compass quadrant for safe passage
• seamark:type=light_vessel A light vessel
• etc.

These tags are examples from a larger set, details of which can be found here: seamark tag values

Presentation

The OpenSeaMap project provides marine navigation mapping based on these tags.

References

OSM seamark resources

• Seamark tag values(en)
• Seamark objects(en)
• Seamark attributes(en)
• Categories of objects(en)
• INT-1 cross reference(en)
• Inland waterway notice marks (CEVNI, Europe)(en)
• Inland waterway lateral marks (CEVNI, Europe)(en)
• Inland waterway notice marks (BNIWR, Brazil)(en)
• Inland waterway notice marks (PPWBC, Brazil/Paraguay)(en)
• Inland waterway notice marks (RIWR, Russia)(en)

JOSM presets & styles

• https://github.com/OpenNauticalChart/josm

External sources

• S-101 ENC/iENC registry (iho.int), the ENC Data Classification and Encoding Guide (DCEG) can be downloaded as zipped PDF, online access to symbols in Portrayal Register
• International nautical chart symbol legend (Chart INT-1, NOAA)
• Encoding Guide for Inland ENCs (openecdis.org, 2018), an international standard of the Inland ENC Harmonization Group is currently in development (IEHG Publication S-401, 2019)
• European Code for Inland Waterways (CEVNI), (UNECE, Fifth revised version 2015)
• European Code for Signs and Signals on Inland Waterways (SIGNI), (UNECE Resolution N0. 90, 2018)
• U.S. Aids to Navigation System – also details the Western Waters Marking System, Intracoastal Waterway system, and Uniform State Waterway Marking System

External links

• LOCODE covers 60,000 locations in 242 countries and 1000 regions. Among other things it is used to identify international seaports. The local-code consists of 5 characters. The first 2 descibe the country (ISO-3166-1) the last 3 following the location of the harbour.
• World Port Index contains 4300 harbours in 400 regions. Every harbour has a 5-digit number as index.
• World Port Index [1]
• Marine Navigation Charts: This shows nautical charts covering USA, Canada, Europe and Australia.