Sv:Vandring

Funktion : Sv:Vandring

Beskrivning

Om taggning av linjer, punkter, områden och relationer relaterade till vandring och löpning.

Taggar

På den här sidan kommer vi att beskriva hur man taggar linjer, punkter, områden och relationer relaterade till vandring och löpning.

Tagging ways, points and areas

Key	Value	Comment
Ways
highway	path	Preferably used for a hiking path/trail. Follow the photo guide for help with tagging.
	footway	For designated footpaths, i.e. mainly/exclusively for pedestrians.
	track	Rough roads normally used for agricultural or forestry uses etc. Use `tracktype=*` to describe the surface.
ford	yes stepping_stones	The way crosses through stream or river.
Attributes of ways
surface (optional)	asphalt cobblestone sett concrete wood compacted ground dirt grass gravel etc.	The surface of the trail.
sac_scale (optional)	hiking mountain_hiking demanding_mountain_hiking alpine_hiking demanding_alpine_hiking difficult_alpine_hiking	A difficulty rating scheme for hiking trails.
trail_visibility (optional)	excellent good intermediate bad horrible no	This key describes attributes regarding trail visibility and orientation.
incline (optional)	value% up down	For marking a way's incline (or steepness/slope).
tracktype (optional)	grade1 grade2 grade3 grade4 grade5	Paved track surface of gravel or densely packed dirt/sand an even mixture of hard and soft materials prominently dirt/sand/grass, but with some hard materials only grass, sand and/or soil
assisted_trail (optional)	yes	Way segment with various safety measures
trailblazed (optional)	yes	Way segment with frequent way markings (examples; tape/ribbon, painted arrows, metal arrow signs)
Infrastructure
tourism	alpine_hut	An alpine hut is a remote building located in the mountains intended to provide board and lodging. It is managed during the opening period.
tourism	wilderness_hut	A wilderness hut is a remote building with fireplace intended to provide shelter and sleeping accommodation.
amenity	shelter	A small shelter against bad weather conditions. To additionally describe the kind of shelter use `shelter_type=*`.
shelter_type (optional)	basic_hut	A basic hut is a remote building intended to provide basic shelter and sleeping accommodation.
	lean_to	A lean-to is a shed with typically three walls located in the countryside intended to provide shelter.
	picnic_shelter	Structure on picnic sites to protect from rain. Normally open to all sides.
	rock_shelter	Shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff.
tourism	camp_site	Backcountry camping without facilities. The access is usually restricted to foot, bicycle, canoe or ski. Set `backcountry=yes`.
tourism	information	Information resource for tourists and visitors. To additionally describe the kind of information use `information=*`.
information (optional)	board	A board with information.
	map	A board with a map.
	guidepost	Signpost/Guidepost See also Relation:destination sign
amenity	parking	Parking place. Often found at trailheads.
amenity	bench	Bench
amenity	toilets	Toilets
tourism	picnic_site	A place where you can have an outdoor picnic. Optional: `fireplace=yes`. See also fire pit: `leisure=firepit`
barrier	gate	An entrance that can be opened or closed to get through the barrier.
checkpoint	hiking	Checkpoint for hiking.
man_made	cairn	An artificial pile of stones, often in a conical form. It is used by hikers, villagers, pilgrims, etc. as a mark to show the way, a border, or peak of mountain.
man_made	footwear decontamination	A facility to decontaminate footwear for hikers.
shop	outdoor	Shop focused on selling camping, walking, climbing, and other outdoor sports equipment (GPSes, etc.)
safety_rope	yes/length in m	a chain or rope as safety measure on the trail
ladder	yes/length in m	a ladder as safety measure on the trail
rungs	yes/amount	rungs, stemples or pins as safety measure on the trail
Nature
natural	peak	Top of a hill or mountain (summit) add: `name=` `ele=`
natural	volcano	A volcano, either dormant, extinct or active
natural	saddle	The lowest point along a ridge or between two mountain tops. add: `name=` `ele=`
mountain_pass	yes	The highest point of a mountain pass. add, if node is not identical to natural=saddle: `name=` `ele=`
natural	valley	A valley
natural	ridge	A mountain or hill ridge
natural	arete	A thin, almost knife-like, ridge of rock which is typically formed when two glaciers erode parallel U-shaped valleys
natural	water	Lakes, etc.
tourism	viewpoint	A place with a good view of surrounding countryside.
amenity	drinking_water	A source of drinking water.
natural	spring	A point where water flows to the surface of the earth from underground naturally.
seasonal	yes, no, spring, summer, autumn, winter, wet_season, dry_season	Useful for natural features which appear or disappear with differing seasonal conditions.
Additional tags
place	locality	For an unpopulated named place.
name	Text	The common default name.
ele	Number	Elevation above sea level in metres.

Tagging walking and hiking Route Networks

Foot and hiking routes are walking routes, an established course of travel along a set of ways between destinations. They are often named, numbered or otherwise identifiable. A foot route is generally a shorter, easier route, often intended for leisure. A hiking route is generally longer and/or more strenuous and may require experience to be navigated safely.

Routes that are suitable for inclusion in OSM should usually match one or more of the following guidelines:

The route is signed or otherwise identifiable on the ground.
The route is established, documented and/or maintained by an organization that is well known or officially responsible for this function (e.g. mountaineering clubs, tourism boards, ...).
The route itself is shared common knowledge among a significant number of people that are not all mutually connected. This usually means that it is easy to find different sources of information about it online or many people living in the area know about it. Examples for routes matching this criteria include the Haute Randonnée Pyrénéenne or the Greater Patagonia Trail, which are both unofficial and mostly unsigned, but are well known among long distance hikers.

If in doubt, suitability of a route for inclusion in OSM should be discussed with the relevant OSM community.

User contributed routes uploaded to trip planning and travel guide websites should typically not be added to OSM unless other criteria are met.

To tag a foot or hiking route you create a relation with the appropriate tags and add all different ways of the foot/hiking route to this relation. The order of the ways matters. Please see Relation:route#Order matters

Tags of the relation

Key	Value	Explanation
Required
`type`	`route`	This relation represents a route.
`route`	`hiking` `foot`	`route=foot` is used for routes which are walkable without any limitations regarding fitness, equipment or weather conditions. As a guideline, you could say that ordinary shoes or trainers (at a pinch, even flip-flops) are adequate for this type of walking trail. `route=hiking` is used for routes that rather match Wikipedia's definition: "A long, vigorous walk, usually on trails, in the countryside"). As a guideline, you could say that a hiking trail needs walking shoes or hiking boots because you will encounter sharp rocks and/or heavy undergrowth and/or muddy terrain and/or have to wade through shallow streams. Don't use route=pilgrimage (almost non-existent). Instead, add pilgrimage=yes to a hiking-route.
Recommended
`network`	`iwn` `nwn` `rwn` `lwn`	International walking network: long distance paths that cross several countries National walking network: used for walking routes that are nationally significant and long distance paths Regional walking network: used for walking routes that cross regions and are regionally significant Local walking network: used for small local walking routes
Useful and tags. These tags are not at all required, but can provided additional and valuable information
`ascent`	ascent	The ascent covered by a route in metres. If a route has start and end point at different altitude use descent too
`colour`	a hex triplet a css colour name	The major colour of the symbol used on the route. Colour code noted in hex triplet format or as CSS/HTML colour name. Example: "#008080" for teal colour in hex triplet, or simply "teal" as a css colour name.
`descent`	descent	The descent covered by a route in metres. Use it only if it differs from the ascent (different altitude at start/endpoint of a route).
`description`	a short description	What is special about this route
`distance`	distance	The distance covered by this route, if known. For information of users and automatic evaluation e.g. of completeness. Given including a unit and with a dot for decimals. (e.g. `12.5 km`)
`educational`	yes/no	When the route is Educational trail
`historic`	yes/no	When the route is a historic or heritage trail
`name`	a name	The route is known by this name (e.g., "Westweg")
name:code=*	localised name	For adding localized names in different languages, add additional name:code=* tags with a suffix on the name key, where code is a language's ISO code.
`operator`	operator name	The route is operated by this authority/company etc. e.g. "Schwarzwaldverein", "Alpenverein"
`osmc:symbol`	*	Represents the symbol used on the route. Some renderers uses the `osmc:symbol=*` to indicate a route on the map.
`ref`	a reference	The route is known by this reference (e.g. "E1"). Node network routes use ref=mm-nn where mm and nn are the node reference numbers.
`roundtrip`	yes/no	Use roundtrip=no to indicate that a route goes from A to B and instead of being circular (roundtrip=yes).
`signed_direction`	yes/no	Use signed_direction=yes to indicate that the route is to be walked in only one direction, according to the signposts on the ground. The ways within the relation should be ordered, as they are used to determine the direction of the signposts. (Note: Since 2019, it's preferred not to use oneway=yes anymore, as it could cause confusion with oneway=* as a legal restriction. See discussion on tagging mailinglist).
`stage`	a reference to a stage	Sometimes longer routes are divided into stages. With this tag a stage reference can be indicated.
`state`	`alternate`	Sometimes routes may not be permanent or may be in a proposed state. See also the life cycle tags for this usage.
`survey:date`	yyyy-mm-dd	Date of the most recent survey
`symbol`	symbol description	Consider using `osmc:symbol=*` instead. Describes the symbol that is used to mark the way along the route, e.g., "Red cross on white background" for the "Frankenweg" in Franconia, Germany
`website`	*	Website that describes the route
`wikipedia`	language:page title	Wikipedia page that describes the route

Elements of a relation

Routes consist of ways that mark where it leads. For hiking and walking relations it will by typically primarily highway=path, highway=footway, highway=track, highway=steps with some highway=cycleway, highway=service, highway=residential. Sometimes also highway=unclassified and other roads higher in road importance will appear.

A route relation may have one or more ways as elements. A route relation can also have other route relations as elements, called parent relation containing child relations or super relations.

Some mappers also add nodes as relation members, e.g. for major guideposts on the route.

Roles

Most of the time, elements will be added with an empty role. For recreational route relations, a basic functional role set has been approved, see Roles for recreational route relations. The approved roles are: main, alternative, approach, excursion, and connection. When no role is set, main is assumed. The roles are applicable to way members and relation members.

Ways and Relations
Role value	Explanation
None or `main`	The role value for the main section(s) of a signposted or in any way waymarked route.
`alternative`	A signposted or otherwise waymarked alternative branching off then rejoining the main route at a significantly different point. The alternative is used instead of a section of the main route.
`excursion`	A signposted or otherwise waymarked side track which rejoins the main track at or close to the same point where it left, e.g. to visit a place of interest. The excursion is an optional addition to the main route.
`approach`	Signposted or otherwise waymarked access route to or from transport infrastructure e.g. parking, train station, bus station, cable car. An approach is used in addition to the main route.
`connection`	Signposted or otherwise waymarked link route from one recreational route to another recreational route and vice versa. A connection is used to switch from one route to another. Note that an approach might act as a connection, e.g. when it ends/begins at a major train station where other routes also pass through. In that case, use the role approach. Given this definition, the connection should appear in both routes involved.
`guidepost`	A guidepost with directions regarding the path in question.

(the above table is a template, you can edit it directly via this link)

Usage

Hiking routes are extensively mapped with route relations, and the Lonvia map will render route relations following this proposal and the osmc:symbol=*

Hiking routes are rendered for selected areas in Germany in a Hiking and Trail riding map (german). The tags required for rendering are:

type=route
route=hiking
name=* Meaningful route name suitable for identifying this route.
symbol=* Verbal description of the route marker symbols.
osmc:symbol=* Coded description of the route marker symbols.

Since the tagging is generic, it is up to each country to decide how to map the hiking networks that exist in their country onto the hierarchy of national/regional/local. For countries with no specific local/regional/national "walking network", it may be helpful to consider whether different trails are managed or funded by government bodies at different levels.

Mapping Projects

To compare and choose your favorite hiking map, there is a dedicated page :

Hiking Maps

Relief Mapping Projects

Ideas for a new Hiking Map gather feature ideas for a new OSM Slippy map layer especially for hikers
Shaded relief maps using mapnik Documentation about rendering a topographical map
Relief maps Overwiew
Hillshading with Mapnik Howto

Offline-Maps

OpenAndroMaps - mostly Android, desktop viewer available
haihui - offline hiking maps in the browser
Trekarta - offline maps for Android with hiking mode that visualizes trail difficulty, visibility, OSMC symbols and hiking routes.

Maps for Garmin-devices

OSM_Map_On_Garmin/Download Here are maps in Garmin image file format people have created from OSM data.

Online-Maps

4UMaps Outdoor maps for Mountainbiking and Hiking. Support the SAC hiking tags as well as track attributes. Additionally it has elevation lines, hill shading, accommodation etc.
OSMC Wanderreitkarte shows OSM with contour lines and hill shading and hiking routes (Europe only)
WayMarked Trails (ex-Lonvia's Weltwanderkarte) shows OSM with hill shading and hiking routes, among other interesting layers like MTB and rollerblades.
Hikebikemap shows OSM with contour lines and hiking and biking routes
Cyclemap shows OSM with contour lines and biking routes
WORLD OSM WMS shows OSM with hill shading for Europe
Hiking/openhikingmap shows OSM with contour lines and hill shading
BeyondTracks.com/map Bushwalking maps for Australia, Tramping maps for New Zealand.

Sv:Vandring

Contents

Tagging ways, points and areas

Ways

Attributes of ways

Infrastructure

Nature

Additional tags